1) The following three prefixes are latin: Epi- meaning on, peri- meaning around and endo- meaning within.
2) Bundles of muscles and nerves are very similar; both are long and stringy. When you look at the cross-section of each you notice that both have bundles of long cells that are surrounded by connective tissue. They are also similar when you look at a longitudinal section they both are smooth.
3)The type of connective tissue in the dark purple area on slide 1 is reticular connective tissue.
4)
A) Node of Ranvier is hard to see, but you will notice small lines. These because nodes of Ranvier are gaps. This lines go vertically through the myelin.
B) The axon are the pink lines that are layered through out the sample. They are a darker shade then the myelin, and do not have lines in them.
C) The myelin sheath is a lighter shade of pink then the axon and is broken up by the nodes of Ranvier.
D) The endonurrium are thin blue lines that look like veins and the rarely if ever reach completely across the slide.
5) By counting the brown lipid stains you can determine whether there is a healthy amount of neurons.
6)
A) Nerve fasicles are bundles of nerve cells they are surrounded by perineurium. Inside they have little black dots.
B) Perineurium it a fatty looking substance; it surrounds the cells.
C) The endoneurium are the dots within the perineurium; they are random and sparce.
D) Axon are the centers of the donut like circles Axon are very light yellow because they don't stain well.
E) Myelin are the donut like circles in the center of each nerve fasicle. Myelin are dark because they are mostly lipids that stain well.
Viewing Brain Dissection
1) The sheep's head and brain is parallel to the body and the orientation of the pons and Medulla Oblongata is to the side of the brain. On the other hand the human head and brain are vertical to the body and thus the pons and Medulla Oblongata are located at the base of the brain.
2) The Dura Mater has a rubbery look to it kind of like a rubber glove. It is a membrane of connective tissue that provides protection and blood vessels to the brain.
3) An organ might have bumps (gyri) and groove (sulci) because the way it folds it allows for more cerebrum.
4) The dark spider-webby structures are surface folds.
5) The pineal gland in humans and other species is a source of melatonin that regulates sleep cycles. In a human it shrinks during puberty and usually becomes calcified. In several other species it influences sexual development, regulates seasonal breeding and hibernation.
6) A ventricle is small cavities that allow blood to flow throughout an organ.
7) The cerebellum coordinates the basic body movements are unconscious; such as walking or raising a fork to your mouth. When you drink excessive about of alcohol it inhibits the normal function and thus a drunk person is unable to coordinate their movements.
8) The hypothalamus regulates some of the functions of the pituitary gland such as: temperature control, carbohydrate metabolism and breast milk production. The thalamus gland receives and relays sensory signals such as: pain, pressure and temperature change. Both glands both involve unconscious functions; they both send out messages that enable the body to maintain itself.
9) White matter is the ascending and descending nerve tracts in the spinal cord. Grey matter is the area in the center of the spinal cord that is made up of: cell bodies, dendrites, and axons. Both make up the inside of the spinal cord; they also sensory and motor functions.
10) When I saw this link I was surprised at how flat it was compered to the human brain.
Brain Tricks
1) In the color blindness test I got 100. I could see most of the number perfectly clear, a few were slightly harder to see.
2) In the three dimensional illusion and saw the percept pretty quickly. I couldn't watch it for very long because it started to make my eyes hurt.
3) In the Black dot illusion and if I looked in the middle all of the squares had the dots in the corners. If I looked to the right the dots seemed to move and concentrate to the right, but there weren't any on the left and the opposite happened when I looked to the left.
4) In the Bent line illusion it looked like the black lines were note straight across. At one point though when the yellow lines were just the right width you could tell that the black line were straight across.
5) In the motion blindness the yellow dots flashed on a and off. When I focused on the top left yellow dot the bottom and right yellow dots then disappeared. This one reminds me of a visit to the eye doctor.
I think that when we look at things our eyes take in everything, but our brains process optical illusions differently. There is most like one thing in any given illusion that our brain either leaves our or alters a bit to try to make sense of what is being seen. An example would be those pictures you have to look at for awhile before you see the hidden picture.
To test my hypothesis you could show someone with sensors attached to there brain a series of optical illusions and regular pictures and review the results.
It's kind of unnerving to me that my eyes and brain can be tricked like that. It definatly makes you look twice at things.
2) In the three dimensional illusion and saw the percept pretty quickly. I couldn't watch it for very long because it started to make my eyes hurt.
3) In the Black dot illusion and if I looked in the middle all of the squares had the dots in the corners. If I looked to the right the dots seemed to move and concentrate to the right, but there weren't any on the left and the opposite happened when I looked to the left.
4) In the Bent line illusion it looked like the black lines were note straight across. At one point though when the yellow lines were just the right width you could tell that the black line were straight across.
5) In the motion blindness the yellow dots flashed on a and off. When I focused on the top left yellow dot the bottom and right yellow dots then disappeared. This one reminds me of a visit to the eye doctor.
I think that when we look at things our eyes take in everything, but our brains process optical illusions differently. There is most like one thing in any given illusion that our brain either leaves our or alters a bit to try to make sense of what is being seen. An example would be those pictures you have to look at for awhile before you see the hidden picture.
To test my hypothesis you could show someone with sensors attached to there brain a series of optical illusions and regular pictures and review the results.
It's kind of unnerving to me that my eyes and brain can be tricked like that. It definatly makes you look twice at things.
Your comment about the shape of the sheep brain is thoughtful. I am picturing the skull compared to a human's and then it makes sense. I wonder if sheep are likely to see "illusions."
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